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Licorice and its derivative substances disrupt function of the adrenal (corticosteroid hormone) axis.
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some
|
Somayeh Nazari, Maryam Rameshrad & Hossein zadeh. 2017. Toxicological Effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice): A Review. Phytotherapy research : PTR 31(11), 1635-1650.
|
|
Licorice and its constituents/derivatives affect the cardiovascular system by disrupting hormones involved in water/salt balance.
|
some
|
Mikkel R. Deutch, Daniela Grimm, Markus Wehland, Manfred Infanger & Marcus Krüger. 2019. Bioactive Candy: Effects of Licorice on the Cardiovascular System. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 8(10).
|
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Licorice consumption during pregnancy is linked to adverse birth outcomes.
|
some
|
Somayeh Nazari, Maryam Rameshrad & Hossein zadeh. 2017. Toxicological Effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice): A Review. Phytotherapy research : PTR 31(11), 1635-1650.
|
|
Anti-androgenic effects of licorice have been observed in humans.
|
some
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Paul Grant & Shamin Ramasamy. 2012. An update on plant derived anti-androgens. International journal of endocrinology and metabolism 10(2), 497-502.
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|
Licorice derivatives have exhibited neuroprotective, sedative, and antidepressant effects in various studies, indicating a capacity to elicit nervous system effects.
|
some
|
Giulia Pastorino, Laura Cornara, Sónia Soares, Francisca Rodrigues & M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira. 2018. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Phytotherapy research : PTR 32(12), 2323-2339.
|
|
Licorice and its constituents/derivatives can impact immune function.
|
some
|
Giulia Pastorino, Laura Cornara, Sónia Soares, Francisca Rodrigues & M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira. 2018. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Phytotherapy research : PTR 32(12), 2323-2339.
|
|
Licorice and its constituents/derivatives affect the cardiovascular system by disrupting hormones involved in water/salt balance.
|
some
|
Mikkel R. Deutch, Daniela Grimm, Markus Wehland, Manfred Infanger & Marcus Krüger. 2019. Bioactive Candy: Effects of Licorice on the Cardiovascular System. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 8(10).
|
|
Licorice extract affected male reprodutive function in rats.
|
some
|
Somayeh Nazari, Maryam Rameshrad & Hossein zadeh. 2017. Toxicological Effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice): A Review. Phytotherapy research : PTR 31(11), 1635-1650.
|
|
Licorice extract exhibits estrogenic activity in vitro.
|
some
|
D. T. Zava, M. Blen & G. Duwe. 1997. Estrogenic activity of natural and synthetic estrogens in human breast cancer cells in culture. Environmental health perspectives 105 Suppl 3, 637-45.
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|
Licorice extracts impacted pituitary hormone secretion in vitro and in vivo in rats.
|
some
|
Ho Young Lee, Dae Young Jung, Hyekyung Ha, Sam Sik Kang, Ju Sun Kim & Chungsook Kim. 2007. Induction of growth hormone release by glycyrrhizae radix on rat. Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology 40(6), 979-85.
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|
Effects on liver enzyme function have been observed in humans and animals. Chronic exposure to licorice extract caused liver damage in fish.
|
some
|
Somayeh Nazari, Maryam Rameshrad & Hossein zadeh. 2017. Toxicological Effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice): A Review. Phytotherapy research : PTR 31(11), 1635-1650.
|
|
Licorice-derived substances have been shown to cause as well as protect against genotoxicity in various studies.
|
low
|
Somayeh Nazari, Maryam Rameshrad & Hossein zadeh. 2017. Toxicological Effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice): A Review. Phytotherapy research : PTR 31(11), 1635-1650.
|
|
Licorice-derived substances exhibit antioxidant properties in vitro.
|
low
|
Giulia Pastorino, Laura Cornara, Sónia Soares, Francisca Rodrigues & M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira. 2018. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Phytotherapy research : PTR 32(12), 2323-2339.
|
|
Licorice may be prevent against liver damage caused by other agents.
|
low
|
Giulia Pastorino, Laura Cornara, Sónia Soares, Francisca Rodrigues & M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira. 2018. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Phytotherapy research : PTR 32(12), 2323-2339.
|
|
A review article reports this substance may have anticarcinogenic activity
|
low
|
F. Bakkali, S. Averbeck, D. Averbeck & M. Idaomar. 2008. Biological effects of essential oils--a review. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 46(2), 446-75.
|
|
A peer-reviewed study reports that botanical oils prevent oxidative damage.
|
low
|
Kevin P. Anthony, Suziat A. Deolu-Sobogun & Mahmoud A. Saleh. 2012. Comprehensive assessment of antioxidant activity of essential oils. Journal of food science 77(8), C839-43.
|
|
A review article reports this substance is not mutagenic
|
low
|
F. Bakkali, S. Averbeck, D. Averbeck & M. Idaomar. 2008. Biological effects of essential oils--a review. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 46(2), 446-75.
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