Fluoride
Citizens Water of Westfield, LLC
Fluoride occurs naturally in surface and groundwater and is also added to drinking water by many water systems. Read More.
Fluoride has been promoted as a chemical that reduces dental cavities. Yet it is now well-established that fluoride primarily exerts its protective effects through topical mechanisms, such as sodium fluoride in toothpaste and mouthwash. In contrast, long-term ingestion of fluoride in water increases dental fluorosis, which includes mottling, pitting and weakening of the teeth. EPA's maximum legal limit is set at 4 parts per million (ppm) to prevent skeletal fluorosis, a condition where bones become brittle and more susceptible to fractures, although these effects may occur at lower doses.
Even fluoride levels of 0.7 ppm, the amount of fluoride in drinking water recommended by the U.S. Public Health Service, can result in too much fluoride for bottle-fed babies. EWG recommends that caregivers mix baby formula with fluoride-free water. The National Toxicology Program is investigating the potential for low doses of fluoride to alter thyroid function and childhood brain development.
Testing results - average by year
Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
---|---|---|---|---|
2014 | 0.759 ppm | 29 | 29 | 0.570 ppm - 0.870 ppm |
2015 | 0.760 ppm | 34 | 34 | 0.600 ppm - 0.898 ppm |
2016 | 0.669 ppm | 27 | 27 | 0.000630 ppm - 0.780 ppm |
2017 | 0.659 ppm | 42 | 42 | 0.520 ppm - 0.780 ppm |
2018 | 0.573 ppm | 26 | 26 | 0.459 ppm - 0.690 ppm |
2019 | 0.580 ppm | 35 | 35 | 0.000400 ppm - 0.740 ppm |
ppm = parts per million
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 4 ppm
ppm = parts per million
All test results
Date | Lab ID | Result |
---|---|---|
2014-04-01 | CTPDFLUORAPR2014 | 0.870 ppm |
2014-04-01 | GFPDFLUORAPR2014 | 0.570 ppm |
2014-04-01 | NPDFLUORAPR2014 | 0.690 ppm |
2014-04-01 | RRPDFLUORAPR2014 | 0.790 ppm |
2014-05-01 | CTPDMAY14FLUOR | 0.860 ppm |
2014-05-01 | RRPDMAY14FLUOR | 0.830 ppm |
2014-05-01 | WFNPDMAY14FLUOR | 0.670 ppm |
2014-05-13 | 683174IOC-2014 | 0.840 ppm |
2014-05-13 | 683176IOC-2014 | 0.760 ppm |
2014-05-13 | 683178IOC-2014 | 0.630 ppm |
2014-06-01 | CTPDJUN14FLUOR | 0.650 ppm |
2014-06-01 | NPDJUN14FLUOR | 0.690 ppm |
2014-06-01 | RRPDJUN14FLUOR | 0.840 ppm |
2014-07-01 | RRPDJULY14FLUOR | 0.840 ppm |
2014-07-01 | WFCTPDJULY14FLUO | 0.770 ppm |
2014-07-01 | WFNPDJULY14FLUOR | 0.690 ppm |
2014-08-01 | CTPDAUG14FLUOR | 0.670 ppm |
2014-08-01 | NPDAUG14FLUOR | 0.850 ppm |
2014-08-01 | RRPDAUG14FLUOR | 0.850 ppm |
2014-09-01 | WFCTPDSEPT14FLUO | 0.730 ppm |
2014-09-01 | WFRRPDSEPT14FLUO | 0.800 ppm |
2014-10-01 | CTPDOCT14FLOUR | 0.730 ppm |
2014-10-01 | RRPDOCT14FLOUR | 0.790 ppm |
2014-11-01 | CTPDNOV14FLUOR | 0.760 ppm |
2014-11-01 | RRPDNOV14FLUOR | 0.760 ppm |
2014-11-11 | 709898IOC-2014 | 0.800 ppm |
2014-11-11 | 709900IOC-2014 | 0.790 ppm |
2014-12-01 | WFCTPDDEC14FLUOR | 0.770 ppm |
2014-12-01 | WFRRPDDEC14FLUOR | 0.710 ppm |
2015-01-01 | CTPDJAN15FLUOR | 0.670 ppm |
2015-01-01 | RRPDJAN15FLUOR | 0.790 ppm |
2015-02-01 | CTPDFLUORFEB2015 | 0.790 ppm |
2015-02-01 | RRPDFLUORFEB2015 | 0.800 ppm |
2015-02-10 | 722485IOC-2015 | 0.780 ppm |
2015-02-10 | 722487IOC-2015 | 0.820 ppm |
2015-03-01 | CTPDMAR15FLUOR | 0.880 ppm |
2015-03-01 | RRPDMAR15FLUOR | 0.780 ppm |
2015-04-01 | CTPDAPR2015FLOUR | 0.890 ppm |
2015-04-01 | RRPDAPR2015FLOUR | 0.850 ppm |
2015-05-12 | 150006401IOC-201 | 0.839 ppm |
2015-05-12 | 150006402IOC-201 | 0.732 ppm |
2015-06-01 | CTPDLFLUORJUN201 | 0.712 ppm |
2015-06-01 | RRPDFLUORJUN2015 | 0.763 ppm |
2015-07-01 | WESTFIELDCTPD | 0.769 ppm |
2015-07-01 | WESTFIELDRRPDJUL | 0.771 ppm |
2015-08-01 | CTPDAUG2015FLUOR | 0.659 ppm |
2015-08-01 | RRPDAUG2015FLUOR | 0.795 ppm |
2015-08-11 | 150054701IOC-102 | 0.782 ppm |
2015-08-11 | 150054702IOC-102 | 0.805 ppm |
2015-09-01 | CTPDFLUORSEP2015 | 0.751 ppm |
2015-09-01 | GPPDFLUORSEPT201 | 0.679 ppm |
2015-09-01 | RRPDFLUORSEPT201 | 0.833 ppm |
2015-09-22 | 3327348IOC-2015 | 0.600 ppm |
2015-10-01 | CTPDOCT15FLUO | 0.818 ppm |
2015-10-01 | GPPDOCT15FLUO | 0.668 ppm |
2015-10-01 | RRPDOCT15FLUO | 0.841 ppm |
2015-11-01 | CTPDFLUORNOV2015 | 0.898 ppm |
2015-11-01 | RRPDFLUORNOV2015 | 0.866 ppm |
2015-11-10 | 150102301IOC-201 | 0.618 ppm |
2015-11-10 | 150102303IOC-201 | 0.644 ppm |
2015-12-01 | CTPDFLUORDEC15 | 0.640 ppm |
2015-12-01 | GPPDFLUORDEC15 | 0.665 ppm |
2015-12-01 | RRPDCTPDFLUORDEC | 0.640 ppm |
2016-05-01 | CTPDMAY2016FLUOR | 0.750 ppm |
2016-05-01 | GPPDMAY2016FLUOR | 0.620 ppm |
2016-05-01 | RRPDMAY2016FLUOR | 0.760 ppm |
2016-05-10 | 16066602IOC-2016 | 0.769 ppm |
2016-05-10 | 16066604IOC-2016 | 0.768 ppm |
2016-05-10 | 16066606IOC-2016 | 0.642 ppm |
2016-06-01 | CTPDFLUORJUN2016 | 0.730 ppm |
2016-06-01 | GPPDFLUORJUN2016 | 0.630 ppm |
2016-06-01 | RRPDFLUORJUN2016 | 0.780 ppm |
2016-07-01 | CTCSMPDFLUORJUN2 | 0.780 ppm |
2016-07-01 | GPCSMPDFLUORJUN2 | 0.560 ppm |
2016-07-01 | RRPDJULFLUORIDE2 | 0.720 ppm |
2016-08-01 | CTPDAUG2016FLUOR | 0.650 ppm |
2016-08-01 | GPPDAUG2016FLUOR | 0.630 ppm |
2016-08-01 | RRPDAUG2016FLUOR | 0.640 ppm |
2016-08-09 | 16121405IOC-2016 | 0.728 ppm |
2016-08-09 | 16121406IOC-2016 | 0.738 ppm |
2016-09-01 | RRPDSEPT2016FLUO | 0.710 ppm |
2016-10-01 | CTPDOCT2016FLOUR | 0.660 ppm |
2016-10-01 | GPPDOCT2016FLOUR | 0.610 ppm |
2016-10-01 | RRPDOCT2016FLOUR | 0.690 ppm |
2016-11-01 | CTPDFLUORNOV2016 | 0.750 ppm |
2016-11-01 | GPFLUORNOV2016 | 0.600 ppm |
2016-11-01 | RRPDFLUORNOV2016 | 0.690 ppm |
2016-12-01 | CTPDFLUORIDEDEC1 | 0.770 ppm |
2016-12-01 | GPPDFLUORIDEDEC1 | 0.000630 ppm |
2016-12-01 | RRPDFLUORIDEDEC1 | 0.680 ppm |
2017-01-01 | CTPDFOURJAN2017 | 0.760 ppm |
2017-01-01 | GPPDFLOURJAN2017 | 0.580 ppm |
2017-01-01 | RRPDFOURJAN2017 | 0.640 ppm |
2017-02-01 | FEB17FLOUR | 0.660 ppm |
2017-02-01 | GPPDFEB17FLOUR | 0.630 ppm |
2017-02-01 | RRPDFEB17FLOUR | 0.680 ppm |
2017-03-01 | MAR2017FLOURCTPD | 0.660 ppm |
2017-03-01 | MAR2017FLOURGP | 0.600 ppm |
2017-03-01 | MAR2017FLOURRR | 0.660 ppm |
2017-04-01 | GPPDAPR2017FLOUR | 0.580 ppm |
2017-04-01 | WESTFIELDAPR2017 | 0.660 ppm |
2017-04-01 | WRRAPR2017FLOUR | 0.720 ppm |
2017-05-01 | CTPDMAYFLUOR2017 | 0.680 ppm |
2017-05-01 | GPPDMAYFLUOR2017 | 0.610 ppm |
2017-05-01 | RRPDMAYFLUOR2017 | 0.710 ppm |
2017-05-09 | 17070711IOC-2017 | 0.680 ppm |
2017-05-09 | 17070713IOC-2017 | 0.618 ppm |
2017-05-09 | 17070715IOC-2017 | 0.587 ppm |
2017-06-01 | CTPDFLUORJUN2017 | 0.670 ppm |
2017-06-01 | GPPDFLUORJUN2017 | 0.620 ppm |
2017-06-01 | RRPDFLUORJUN2017 | 0.780 ppm |
2017-07-01 | CTPDFLUORJUL17 | 0.640 ppm |
2017-07-01 | GPFLUORJUL17 | 0.610 ppm |
2017-07-01 | RRFLUORJUL17 | 0.760 ppm |
2017-08-01 | CTPDFLUORAUG2017 | 0.780 ppm |
2017-08-01 | GPPDFLUORAUG2017 | 0.520 ppm |
2017-08-01 | RRPDFLUORAUG2017 | 0.780 ppm |
2017-08-15 | 17130611IOC-2017 | 0.642 ppm |
2017-08-15 | 17130612IOC-2017 | 0.756 ppm |
2017-08-15 | 17130613IOC-2017 | 0.603 ppm |
2017-09-01 | CTPDFLUORSEPT201 | 0.740 ppm |
2017-09-01 | GPFOURSEPT2017 | 0.610 ppm |
2017-09-01 | RRPDFLUORSEPT201 | 0.760 ppm |
2017-10-01 | CTPDOCT17FLUOR | 0.670 ppm |
2017-10-01 | GPPDCT17FLUOR | 0.590 ppm |
2017-10-01 | RRPDOCT17FLUOR | 0.620 ppm |
2017-11-01 | CTPDFLUORNOV2017 | 0.640 ppm |
2017-11-01 | GPPDFLUORNOV2017 | 0.570 ppm |
2017-11-01 | RRPDFLUORNOV2017 | 0.690 ppm |
2017-12-11 | DEC18FOURCT | 0.630 ppm |
2017-12-11 | DEC18FOURGP | 0.580 ppm |
2017-12-11 | DEC18FOURRR | 0.700 ppm |
2018-05-01 | CTMAY2018FLUORID | 0.600 ppm |
2018-05-01 | GPMAY2018FLUORID | 0.520 ppm |
2018-05-01 | RRMAY2018FLUORID | 0.640 ppm |
2018-05-15 | 18071801IOC-2018 | 0.597 ppm |
2018-05-15 | 18071802IOC-2018 | 0.686 ppm |
2018-06-01 | CTJUNE18FLUOR | 0.590 ppm |
2018-06-01 | GPJUNE18FLUOR | 0.470 ppm |
2018-06-01 | RRJUNE18FLUOR | 0.600 ppm |
2018-06-12 | 18087906IOC-2018 | 0.459 ppm |
2018-08-01 | CTPDFLUORAUG18 | 0.610 ppm |
2018-08-01 | GPPDFLUORAUG18 | 0.490 ppm |
2018-08-01 | RRPDFLUORAUG18 | 0.530 ppm |
2018-08-14 | 18127401 | 0.650 ppm |
2018-08-14 | 18127402 | 0.557 ppm |
2018-08-14 | 18127403 | 0.484 ppm |
2018-09-01 | CTFLUORSEP18 | 0.630 ppm |
2018-09-01 | FLUORSEP18GP | 0.510 ppm |
2018-09-01 | RRFLUORSEP18 | 0.690 ppm |
2018-10-01 | GPFLUOROCT2018 | 0.510 ppm |
2018-10-01 | RRFLUOROCT2018 | 0.560 ppm |
2018-11-01 | CTNOVFLUOR18 | 0.620 ppm |
2018-11-01 | GPNOVFLUOR18 | 0.480 ppm |
2018-11-01 | RRNOVFLUOR18 | 0.630 ppm |
2018-12-01 | CTPDDEC19LUOR | 0.650 ppm |
2018-12-01 | GPDEC19LUOR | 0.490 ppm |
2018-12-01 | RRDEC19LUOR | 0.650 ppm |
2019-01-01 | CTJAN19FLUO | 0.650 ppm |
2019-01-01 | GPJAN19FLUO | 0.490 ppm |
2019-01-01 | RRJAN19FLUO | 0.640 ppm |
2019-02-01 | CTFEB19FLUOR | 0.700 ppm |
2019-02-01 | GPFEB19FLUOR | 0.500 ppm |
2019-02-01 | RRFEB19FLUOR | 0.650 ppm |
2019-03-01 | CTFLUORMAR19 | 0.660 ppm |
2019-03-01 | RRFLUORMAR19 | 0.630 ppm |
2019-04-01 | CTAPRIL19FLUOR | 0.640 ppm |
2019-04-01 | GPAPRIL19FLUOR | 0.480 ppm |
2019-04-01 | RRAPRIL19FLUOR | 0.500 ppm |
2019-05-01 | CTMAY2019FLUOR | 0.440 ppm |
2019-05-01 | GPMAY2019FLUOR | 0.480 ppm |
2019-05-01 | RRMAY2019FLUOR | 0.000400 ppm |
2019-06-01 | GPJUN19FLUOR | 0.490 ppm |
2019-06-01 | JUN19FLUORCT | 0.670 ppm |
2019-06-01 | JUN19FLUORRR | 0.720 ppm |
2019-07-01 | CTFLUORJUL19 | 0.740 ppm |
2019-07-01 | GPFLUORJUL19 | 0.460 ppm |
2019-07-01 | RRFLUORJUL19 | 0.730 ppm |
2019-08-01 | CTAUG2019FLUOR | 0.690 ppm |
2019-08-01 | GPAUG2019FLUOR | 0.470 ppm |
2019-08-01 | RRAUG2019FLUOR | 0.690 ppm |
2019-09-01 | CTPDFLUORSEPT19 | 0.690 ppm |
2019-09-01 | GPPDFLUORSEPT19 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-09-01 | RRPDFLUORSEPT19 | 0.700 ppm |
2019-10-01 | CTOCTFLUOR19 | 0.660 ppm |
2019-10-01 | GPOCTFLUOR19 | 0.500 ppm |
2019-10-01 | RROCTFLUOR19 | 0.680 ppm |
2019-11-01 | CTNOV19FLUOR | 0.640 ppm |
2019-11-01 | GPNOV19FLUOR | 0.490 ppm |
2019-11-01 | RRNOV19FLUOR | 0.650 ppm |
2019-12-01 | CTDEC19FLUOR | 0.590 ppm |
2019-12-01 | GPDEC19FLUOR | 0.490 ppm |
2019-12-01 | RRDEC19FLUOR | 0.620 ppm |