1,4-Dioxane
California American Water Company - Parkway
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Testing results - average by year
Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
---|---|---|---|---|
2014 | ND | 10 | 0 | ND |
2015 | ND | 12 | 0 | ND |
2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
2017 | ND | 12 | 0 | ND |
2018 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
2019 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
Date | Lab ID | Result |
---|---|---|
2014-12-02 | 27680001 | ND |
2014-12-02 | 27681501 | ND |
2014-12-02 | 27680201 | ND |
2014-12-02 | 27679801 | ND |
2014-12-03 | 27681001 | ND |
2014-12-03 | 27681201 | ND |
2014-12-04 | 27680401 | ND |
2014-12-04 | 27680801 | ND |
2014-12-16 | 27680601 | ND |
2014-12-17 | 27681701 | ND |
2015-03-19 | 28476801 | ND |
2015-06-09 | 29308101 | ND |
2015-06-09 | 29307901 | ND |
2015-06-11 | 29308301 | ND |
2015-06-17 | 29308901 | ND |
2015-06-17 | 29308701 | ND |
2015-06-18 | 29306901 | ND |
2015-06-18 | 29308501 | ND |
2015-06-18 | 29307501 | ND |
2015-06-23 | 29307301 | ND |
2015-06-23 | 29307101 | ND |
2015-09-17 | 30238501 | ND |
2017-11-08 | 9590-021-1300 | ND |
2017-11-08 | 9590-023-1350 | ND |
2017-11-08 | 9590-025-1320 | ND |
2017-11-09 | 9590-017-1225 | ND |
2017-11-09 | 9590-016-1150 | ND |
2017-11-13 | 9590-024-1045 | ND |
2017-11-13 | 9590-026-1110 | ND |
2017-11-13 | 9590-018-1125 | ND |
2017-11-13 | 9590-003-1225 | ND |
2017-12-06 | 9590-006-0955 | ND |
2017-12-13 | 9590-030-1305 | ND |
2017-12-13 | 9590-012-1250 | ND |