Evidence
Health issue
Level of Concern
Source
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Very toxic to aquatic life
Very toxic to aquatic life
high
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
high
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) are highly persistent in the environment, and humans are widely exposed to PFAS through the environment.
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) are highly persistent in the environment, and humans are widely exposed to PFAS through the environment.
high
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to immunotoxicity in humans and animals.
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to immunotoxicity in humans and animals.
high
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) are highly persistent in the environment, and humans are widely exposed to PFAS through the environment.
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) are highly persistent in the environment, and humans are widely exposed to PFAS through the environment.
high
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to immunotoxicity in humans and animals.
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to immunotoxicity in humans and animals.
high
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to reproductive and developmental toxicity in humans and animals.
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to reproductive and developmental toxicity in humans and animals.
high
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to cancer in humans and animals
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to cancer in humans and animals
high
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to cardiovascular effects in humans and animals
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to cardiovascular effects in humans and animals
high
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to thyroid disruption in humans and animals.
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to thyroid disruption in humans and animals.
high
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to reproductive and developmental toxicity in humans and animals.
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to reproductive and developmental toxicity in humans and animals.
high
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to cancer in humans and animals
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to cancer in humans and animals
high
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to cardiovascular effects in humans and animals
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to cardiovascular effects in humans and animals
high
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to thyroid disruption in humans and animals.
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to thyroid disruption in humans and animals.
high
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
This substance is a PFAS, which is a chemical class of concern.
This substance is a PFAS, which is a chemical class of concern.
moderate
Carol F. Kwiatkowski, David Q. Andrews, Linda S. Birnbaum, Thomas A. Bruton, Jamie C. DeWitt, Detlef R. U. Knappe, Maricel V Maffini, Mark F. Miller, Katherine E. Pelch, Anna Reade, Anna Soehl, Xenia Trier, Marta Venier, Charlotte C. Wagner, Zhanyun Wang & Arlene Blum. 2020. Scientific Basis for Managing PFAS as a Chemical Class. Environmental science & technology letters 7(8), 532-543.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Structurally related substances are classified by IARC as known, probable, and possible human carcinogens (International Agency for Research on Carcinogens).
Structurally related substances are classified by IARC as known, probable, and possible human carcinogens (International Agency for Research on Carcinogens).
moderate
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): Agents classified by the IARC Monographs (through Volume 127)
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
May cause an allergic skin reaction
Only in: Household Cleaners
May cause an allergic skin reaction
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to liver effects in humans and animals
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to liver effects in humans and animals
some
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to liver effects in humans and animals
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS) have been linked to liver effects in humans and animals
some
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2018. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Causes skin irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
Causes skin irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
NTP Toxcast scored 2.5-3.5
NTP Toxcast scored 2.5-3.5
some
National Toxicology Program (NTP): EWG Toxcast Analysis
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Causes serious eye irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
Causes serious eye irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes