The European Food Safety Authority reports that this substance can cause liver tumors in animals.
European Food Safety Authority. 2012. EFSA. 2012. Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS); Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of Butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (E 321) as a food additive. EFSA Journal 10(3), 2588.
The European Food Safety Authority reports that this substance can cause birth weight effects in animals.
European Food Safety Authority. 2012. EFSA. 2012. Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS); Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of Butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (E 321) as a food additive. EFSA Journal 10(3), 2588.
The European Food Safety Authority reports that this substance can cause reproductive and developmental toxicity in animals.
European Food Safety Authority. 2012. EFSA. 2012. Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS); Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of Butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (E 321) as a food additive. EFSA Journal 10(3), 2588.
The European Food Safety Authority reports that this substance can cause thyroid effects in animals.
European Food Safety Authority. 2012. EFSA. 2012. Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS); Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of Butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (E 321) as a food additive. EFSA Journal 10(3), 2588.
The European Food Safety Authority reports that this substance can cause hyperplasia in animals.
European Food Safety Authority. 2012. EFSA. 2012. Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS); Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of Butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (E 321) as a food additive. EFSA Journal 10(3), 2588.
The European Food Safety Authority reports that this substance can cause lung cancer in animals.
European Food Safety Authority. 2012. EFSA. 2012. Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS); Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of Butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (E 321) as a food additive. EFSA Journal 10(3), 2588.
The European Food Safety Authority reports that this substance can cause hemorrhagic effects in animals at high doses.
European Food Safety Authority. 2012. EFSA. 2012. Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS); Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of Butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (E 321) as a food additive. EFSA Journal 10(3), 2588.
The European Food Safety Authority reports that this substance can cause allergies in people.
European Food Safety Authority. 2012. EFSA. 2012. Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS); Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of Butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (E 321) as a food additive. EFSA Journal 10(3), 2588.
A peer-reviewed study found this substance caused adverse developmental effects in rats.
C. V. Vorhees, R. E. Butcher, R. L. Brunner & T. J. Sobotka. 1981. Developmental neurobehavioural toxicity of butylated hydroxytoluene in rats. Food and cosmetics toxicology 19(2), 153-62.
This peer-reviewed study reports this substance is a tumor promoter.
Colin T. Shearn, Kristofer S. Fritz & John A. Thompson. 2011. Protein damage from electrophiles and oxidants in lungs of mice chronically exposed to the tumor promoter butylated hydroxytoluene. Chemico-biological interactions 192(3), 278-86.
This peer-reviewed study reports this substance is a tumor promoter.
Haris G. Vikis, Andrew E. Gelman, Andrew Franklin, Lauren Stein, Amy Rymaszewski, Jihong Zhu, Pengyuan Liu, Jay W. Tichelaar, Alexander S. Krupnick & Ming You. 2011. Neutrophils are required for 3-methylcholanthrene-initiated, butylated hydroxytoluene-promoted lung carcinogenesis. Molecular carcinogenesis.
NTP Toxcast scored 3.5-4.5
National Toxicology Program (NTP): EWG Toxcast Analysis