1,4-Dioxane
City of Santa Clara
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | ND | 18 | 0 | ND |
| 2014 | ND | 16 | 0 | ND |
| 2015 | ND | 12 | 0 | ND |
| 2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2017 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2018 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2019 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2013-02-13 | 201302140618AM | ND |
| 2013-02-13 | 201302140616AM | ND |
| 2013-02-13 | 201302140617AM | ND |
| 2013-02-14 | 201302150364AM | ND |
| 2013-02-14 | 201302150361AM | ND |
| 2013-02-20 | 201302210565AM | ND |
| 2013-02-25 | 201302260057AM | ND |
| 2013-02-25 | 201302260063AM | ND |
| 2013-02-25 | 201302260061AM | ND |
| 2013-08-12 | 201308130009AM | ND |
| 2013-08-13 | 201308140243AM | ND |
| 2013-08-14 | 201308150316AM | ND |
| 2013-08-15 | 201308160366AM | ND |
| 2013-08-19 | 201308200176AM | ND |
| 2013-08-21 | 201308220115AM | ND |
| 2013-08-21 | 201308220117AM | ND |
| 2013-09-04 | 201309050302AM | ND |
| 2013-09-04 | 201309050304AM | ND |
| 2014-02-19 | 201402200272AM | ND |
| 2014-02-19 | 201402200269AM | ND |
| 2014-02-19 | 201402200264AM | ND |
| 2014-02-20 | 201402210204AM | ND |
| 2014-02-20 | 201402210206AM | ND |
| 2014-02-27 | 201403030004AM | ND |
| 2014-05-14 | 201405150111AM | ND |
| 2014-05-14 | 201405150113AM | ND |
| 2014-08-26 | 201408270669AM | ND |
| 2014-08-26 | 201408270667AM | ND |
| 2014-08-27 | 201408280726AM | ND |
| 2014-08-27 | 201408280724AM | ND |
| 2014-08-28 | 201408290714AM | ND |
| 2014-08-28 | 201408290716AM | ND |
| 2014-11-13 | 201411150195AM | ND |
| 2014-11-13 | 201411150193AM | ND |
| 2015-02-18 | 201502190878AM | ND |
| 2015-02-18 | 201502190876AM | ND |
| 2015-02-18 | 201502190872AM | ND |
| 2015-02-18 | 201502190870AM | ND |
| 2015-02-18 | 201502190868AM | ND |
| 2015-02-18 | 201502190874AM | ND |
| 2015-08-17 | 201508180073AM | ND |
| 2015-08-17 | 201508180071AM | ND |
| 2015-08-19 | 201508200775AM | ND |
| 2015-08-19 | 201508200616AM | ND |
| 2015-08-20 | 201508220219AM | ND |
| 2015-08-24 | 201508250632AM | ND |