Chloroform
Holloman Air Force Base
Chloroform, one of the total trihalomethanes (TTHMs), is formed when chlorine or other disinfectants are used to treat drinking water. Chloroform and other disinfection byproducts increase the risk of cancer and may cause problems during pregnancy. Read More.
In addition to tap water disinfection, chloroform pollution in the environment also comes from industrial discharges from pulp and paper mills, and from urban wastewater effluent. Human studies show that chloroform damages the kidneys, liver and central nervous system. In animals, chloroform causes infertility, birth defects and cancer.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.825 ppb | 8 | 5 | ND - 1.90 ppb |
| 2015 | 0.561 ppb | 9 | 6 | ND - 1.30 ppb |
| 2016 | 0.688 ppb | 16 | 13 | ND - 1.80 ppb |
| 2017 | 0.708 ppb | 16 | 12 | ND - 1.74 ppb |
| 2018 | 0.532 ppb | 16 | 8 | ND - 1.92 ppb |
| 2019 | 1.02 ppb | 16 | 9 | ND - 5.51 ppb |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.4 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.4 ppb for chloroform was proposed in 2018 by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-09-09 | 3099840 | 1.20 ppb |
| 2014-09-09 | 3099838 | 1.10 ppb |
| 2014-09-09 | 3099836 | 0.800 ppb |
| 2014-09-09 | 3099842 | 1.60 ppb |
| 2014-12-02 | 3148500 | 1.90 ppb |
| 2014-12-02 | 3148494 | ND |
| 2014-12-02 | 3148498 | ND |
| 2014-12-02 | 3148496 | ND |
| 2015-03-24 | 3212740 | 0.570 ppb |
| 2015-03-24 | 3212746 | ND |
| 2015-03-24 | 3212742 | ND |
| 2015-03-24 | 3212744 | 1.28 ppb |
| 2015-06-01 | 3252542 | ND |
| 2015-06-10 | 3258816 | 1.30 ppb |
| 2015-06-10 | 3258812 | 0.700 ppb |
| 2015-06-10 | 3258814 | 0.600 ppb |
| 2015-06-10 | 3258810 | 0.600 ppb |
| 2016-03-28 | 3421963 | 0.600 ppb |
| 2016-03-28 | 3421962 | 0.600 ppb |
| 2016-03-28 | 3421964 | 0.800 ppb |
| 2016-03-28 | 3421965 | 1.80 ppb |
| 2016-06-07 | 3467036 | 1.000 ppb |
| 2016-06-07 | 3467033 | 0.800 ppb |
| 2016-06-07 | 3467035 | 0.700 ppb |
| 2016-06-07 | 3467034 | 0.600 ppb |
| 2016-09-22 | 3551419 | 1.000 ppb |
| 2016-09-22 | 3551420 | 0.800 ppb |
| 2016-09-22 | 3551417 | 0.700 ppb |
| 2016-09-22 | 3551418 | 0.700 ppb |
| 2016-12-06 | 3600743 | 0.900 ppb |
| 2016-12-06 | 3600741 | ND |
| 2016-12-06 | 3600742 | ND |
| 2016-12-06 | 3600740 | ND |
| 2017-03-14 | 3655170 | 0.600 ppb |
| 2017-03-14 | 3655166 | 0.600 ppb |
| 2017-03-14 | 3655168 | 0.600 ppb |
| 2017-03-14 | 3655164 | 0.500 ppb |
| 2017-06-21 | 1706C73-001 | 0.683 ppb |
| 2017-06-21 | 1706C71-001 | 0.822 ppb |
| 2017-06-21 | 1706C70-001 | 1.35 ppb |
| 2017-06-21 | 1706C72-001 | 1.000 ppb |
| 2017-09-27 | 1710084-001 | 1.74 ppb |
| 2017-09-27 | 1710085-001 | 1.35 ppb |
| 2017-09-27 | 1710087-001 | 1.16 ppb |
| 2017-09-27 | 1710082-001 | 0.921 ppb |
| 2017-12-21 | 1712E14-001 | ND |
| 2017-12-21 | 1712E13-001 | ND |
| 2017-12-21 | 1712E16-001 | ND |
| 2017-12-21 | 1712E15-001 | ND |
| 2018-03-19 | 1803A69-001 | ND |
| 2018-03-19 | 1803A67-001 | ND |
| 2018-03-19 | 1803A66-001 | ND |
| 2018-03-19 | 1803A65-001 | ND |
| 2018-06-19 | 1806C03-001 | 1.09 ppb |
| 2018-06-19 | 1806B97-001 | 1.05 ppb |
| 2018-06-19 | 1806B99-001 | 0.986 ppb |
| 2018-06-19 | 1806C01-001 | 1.29 ppb |
| 2018-09-26 | 1809H31-001 | 1.92 ppb |
| 2018-09-26 | 1809H29-001 | 0.630 ppb |
| 2018-09-26 | 1809H27-001 | 0.726 ppb |
| 2018-09-26 | 1809H25-001 | 0.823 ppb |
| 2018-12-10 | 1812545-001 | ND |
| 2018-12-10 | 1812546-001 | ND |
| 2018-12-10 | 1812549-001 | ND |
| 2018-12-10 | 1812552-001 | ND |
| 2019-03-12 | 1903597-001 | ND |
| 2019-03-12 | 1903600-001 | ND |
| 2019-03-12 | 1903601-001 | ND |
| 2019-03-12 | 1903603-001 | ND |
| 2019-06-18 | 1906A38-001 | 0.588 ppb |
| 2019-06-18 | 1906A41-001 | 0.869 ppb |
| 2019-06-18 | 1906A40-001 | 0.947 ppb |
| 2019-06-18 | 1906A39-001 | 0.712 ppb |
| 2019-09-10 | 1909785-001 | 1.06 ppb |
| 2019-09-10 | 1909787-001 | 4.18 ppb |
| 2019-09-10 | 1909786-001 | 1.33 ppb |
| 2019-09-10 | 1909784-001 | 1.13 ppb |
| 2019-12-10 | 1912685-001 | 5.51 ppb |
| 2019-12-10 | 1912684-001 | ND |
| 2019-12-10 | 1912681-001 | ND |
| 2019-12-10 | 1912680-001 | ND |